Find the local maximum and minimum of $LaTeX: \displaystyle f(x) = - 3 x^{3} - 15 x^{2} - 9 x + 4$ .

To find the critical numbers solve $LaTeX: \displaystyle f'(x) = 0$ . The derivative is $LaTeX: \displaystyle f'(x) = - 9 x^{2} - 30 x - 9$ . Solving $LaTeX: \displaystyle - 9 x^{2} - 30 x - 9 = 0$ gives $LaTeX: \displaystyle x = \left[ -3, \ - \frac{1}{3}\right]$ . Using the 2nd derivative test gives:
$LaTeX: \displaystyle f''\left( -3 \right) = 24$ which is greater than zero, so the function is concave up and $LaTeX: \displaystyle f\left(-3\right) = -23$ is a local minimum.
$LaTeX: \displaystyle f''\left( - \frac{1}{3} \right) = -24$ which is less than zero, so the function is concave down and $LaTeX: \displaystyle f\left(- \frac{1}{3}\right) = \frac{49}{9}$ is a local maximum.