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Find the indefinite integral of \(\displaystyle \int \frac{10}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right) \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{3}}\, dx\).
Making the u substitution \(\displaystyle u = \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}\) gives \(\displaystyle du = \left(\frac{1}{x^{2} + 1}\right)dx\). Solving for \(\displaystyle dx\) gives \(\displaystyle dx = x^{2} + 1du\). Substituting in the values of \(\displaystyle u\) and \(\displaystyle du\) gives \(\displaystyle \int \left(\frac{10}{u^{3} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}\right)\left(x^{2} + 1du\right)\). Simplifying gives the integral \(\displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du\). Integrating gives \(\displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du = - \frac{5}{u^{2}}+C\). Substituting \(\displaystyle u\) back in gives the solution \(\displaystyle - \frac{5}{\tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{2}}+C\).
\begin{question}Find the indefinite integral of $\int \frac{10}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right) \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{3}}\, dx$. \soln{9cm}{Making the u substitution $u = \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}$ gives $du = \left(\frac{1}{x^{2} + 1}\right)dx$. Solving for $dx$ gives $dx = x^{2} + 1du$. Substituting in the values of $u$ and $du$ gives $\int \left(\frac{10}{u^{3} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}\right)\left(x^{2} + 1du\right)$. Simplifying gives the integral $\int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du$. Integrating gives $\int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du = - \frac{5}{u^{2}}+C$. Substituting $u$ back in gives the solution $- \frac{5}{\tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{2}}+C$. } \end{question}
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<p> <p>Find the indefinite integral of <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right) \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{3}}\, dx " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20%5Cint%20%5Cfrac%7B10%7D%7B%5Cleft%28x%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%201%5Cright%29%20%5Ctan%5E%7B-1%7D%7B%5Cleft%28x%20%5Cright%29%7D%5E%7B3%7D%7D%5C%2C%20dx%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right) \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{3}}\, dx " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{\left(x^{2} + 1\right) \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{3}}\, dx " /> . </p> </p>
<p> <p>Making the u substitution <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle u = \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)} " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20u%20%3D%20%5Ctan%5E%7B-1%7D%7B%5Cleft%28x%20%5Cright%29%7D%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle u = \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)} " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle u = \tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)} " /> gives <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle du = \left(\frac{1}{x^{2} + 1}\right)dx " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20du%20%3D%20%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%201%7D%5Cright%29dx%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle du = \left(\frac{1}{x^{2} + 1}\right)dx " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle du = \left(\frac{1}{x^{2} + 1}\right)dx " /> . Solving for <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle dx " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20dx%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle dx " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle dx " /> gives <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle dx = x^{2} + 1du " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20dx%20%3D%20x%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%201du%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle dx = x^{2} + 1du " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle dx = x^{2} + 1du " /> . Substituting in the values of <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle u " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20u%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle u " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle u " /> and <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle du " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20du%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle du " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle du " /> gives <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle \int \left(\frac{10}{u^{3} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}\right)\left(x^{2} + 1du\right) " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20%5Cint%20%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7B10%7D%7Bu%5E%7B3%7D%20%5Cleft%28x%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%201%5Cright%29%7D%5Cright%29%5Cleft%28x%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%201du%5Cright%29%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle \int \left(\frac{10}{u^{3} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}\right)\left(x^{2} + 1du\right) " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle \int \left(\frac{10}{u^{3} \left(x^{2} + 1\right)}\right)\left(x^{2} + 1du\right) " /> . Simplifying gives the integral <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20%5Cint%20%5Cfrac%7B10%7D%7Bu%5E%7B3%7D%7D%20du%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du " /> . Integrating gives <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du = - \frac{5}{u^{2}}+C " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20%5Cint%20%5Cfrac%7B10%7D%7Bu%5E%7B3%7D%7D%20du%20%3D%20-%20%5Cfrac%7B5%7D%7Bu%5E%7B2%7D%7D%2BC%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du = - \frac{5}{u^{2}}+C " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle \int \frac{10}{u^{3}} du = - \frac{5}{u^{2}}+C " /> . Substituting <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle u " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20u%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle u " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle u " /> back in gives the solution <img class="equation_image" title=" \displaystyle - \frac{5}{\tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{2}}+C " src="/equation_images/%20%5Cdisplaystyle%20-%20%5Cfrac%7B5%7D%7B%5Ctan%5E%7B-1%7D%7B%5Cleft%28x%20%5Cright%29%7D%5E%7B2%7D%7D%2BC%20" alt="LaTeX: \displaystyle - \frac{5}{\tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{2}}+C " data-equation-content=" \displaystyle - \frac{5}{\tan^{-1}{\left(x \right)}^{2}}+C " /> . </p> </p>